ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the prevalence of Demodex infection among students in Kunming Medical University, and identify the factors affecting Demodex infections, so as to provide the evidence for the development of the strategy for the prevention of Demodex infections. Methods A total of 1 463 students from Grade 2014 who studied Medical Parasitology in Kunming Medical University were included in the survey. Demodex was examined in students’facial skin using the cellophane tape method, and the species was identified using microscopy. The students’gender, ethnicity, place of origin and skin type were captured using a questionnaire survey. Results The overall prevalence of Demodex infections was 19.07% (279/1 463) on the facial skin among the university students, and a higher prevalence was seen in girls (21.16%, 183/865) than in boys (16.05%, 96/598) (χ2 =5.965,P <0.05).TheprevalenceofDemodex infectionswas18.33%(66/360)amongminorethnicstudents,andnoethnicity-specific prevalence was seen (P > 0.05). Demodex folliculorum was the predominant species, with a prevalence of 50.54% (141/279), and mild infections were predominant among all infections (96.77%, 270/279), without severe infections seen. Multivariate nonconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that gender and roommates with Demodex infections were risk factors of Demodex infections, and the infection was not associated with ethnicity, place of origin or skin type. There were only 2.53% (37/1 463) of the subjects understanding the knowledge pertaining to the prevention and control of Demodex infection. Conclusions A relatively low prevalence of Demodex infection is detected in the facial skin of students from Kunming Medical University, and Demodex infection is associated with gender and roommates with Demodex infections. Health education pertaining to the prevention of Demodex infections is suggested to be intensified among university students.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To analyze the infectious status and etiological characteristics of rotavirus A (RVA) from children less than five years old in the Kunming city of Yunnan province from July 2014 to June 2015, to provide basic data and methodological references for the disease surveillance, and controling outbreak cases investigations as well as vaccine research and development.@*Methods@#Stool samples were collected from 1 121 diarrhea cases and 319 healthy controls in four sentinel hospitals and transported to laboratory. Two-step reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the presence of RVA in each stool specimen. Suspicious positive specimens of gel electrophoresis was further sequenced to make definite diagnosis of RVA infection. Each RVA positive stool specimen was confirmed with sequencing which was conducted the semi-nested multiplex RT-PCR to detect six G genotypes and six P genotypes.@*Results@#Total 244 samples from the 1 212 diarrhea patients were detected positive for RVA and the total positive rate was 21.8%. G typing of group A rotavirus mainly showed G9(66.4%, n=156), G3(18.7%, n=44), G1(8.9%, n=21)and G8(1.7%, n=4). P typing mainly showed P[8](92.8%, n=218)and P[4](4.7%, n=11); G/P combination genotypes were composed mainly of G9P[8](57.0%, n=134), G3P[8](18.3%, n=43) and G1P[8](8.9%, n=21). The detection rate of RVA in diarrhea patients had obvious seasonal distribution (χ2=46.3, P<0.001), with the prevalent peak in winter (31.2%), and the seasonal distribution of G9P[8](χ2=27.3, P<0.001), G1P[8](χ2=8.2, P<0.039)and G3P[8](χ2=10.2, P<0.042) had strong seasonal pattern with a peak in winter equally. In the subjects under five years, the detection rate of G9P[8](14.9%, 2.9%, χ2=18.1, P<0.001) and G3P[8](4.4%, 0.5%, χ2=5.6, P<0.018) from diarrhea cases were higher than that of in healthy controls, respectively.@*Conclusion@#There existed rather high infection rate of RVA in acute diarrhea cases in Yunnan province, which can be divided into a variety of genotypes, G9P[8]was the dominant genotype.
ABSTRACT
Objective To determine the prevalence of fatigue among taxi drivers in Kunming city,to better understand their general working and health conditions,and to determine the risk factors associated with fatigued driving.Methods A total of 400 taxi drivers were randomly selected for participation in a self-administered questionnaire survey,which included height and weight measurements.The response rate was 88.3％.The survey consisted of four main categories:personal particulars,social habits,work patterns and sleep profile.The Epworth Sleepiness Scale was used to estimate the level of daytime sleepiness and fatigue.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the adjusted odd ratios and 95％ confidence interval associated with risk factors related to fatigue among taxi drivers.Results A high proportion of taxi drivers were obese and had self-reported hypertension,diabetes mellitus and high cholesterol.Driver fatigue was associated with very poor/poor self-rating of quality of sleep,having an additional part-time job,and driving more than 10 hours a day.Conclusion The findings of the present study will improve awareness of the work and health conditions of taxi drivers,and contribute toward efforts to achieve a healthier workforce.A lower prevalence of fatigued driving may lead to lower risks of road traffic accidents,lower economic loss,higher productivity,and safer roads for all.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of affective disorder in Kunming City. Methods: A rep-resentative sample of the Kunming general population composed of 5033 individuals aged 15 years and older was se-lecteed randomly by the method of probability proportional to size (PPS), and then was interviewed with the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 2.1 (CIDI, version 2.1).The preva-lence of affective disorder was investigated. And the relative factors, onset age and comorbid were also analyzed. Results: The 30-duy prevalence of affective disorder was 0.98%, the 12-month prevalence was 1.22%,and the lifetime prevalence was 1.89%. The results of the single factor analysis showed that the urban residents, the persons who divorced, limited divorced or lost one's spouse, and the unemployed or the higher educated were more vulnerable to depression. The results of the multifactor analysis showed that the rural residents and the males were protective factors to affective disorder. Different subunits of affective disorder had different onset ages. The onset age of 90% bipolar disorder patients was before 25 years old. The patients before 50 years old was risky to dysthy-mia. The patients with major depression had a lifetime risk of onset. Anxiety disorder and pain disorder would in-crease the risk of affective disorder. Conclusion: The findings show that the prevalence of the affective disorder is lower than the same kind survey abroad while it is close to the domestic's. More attention and intervention should been given to the urban population, the females, the singles, the unemployed, and the higher educationed.